![]() Targeted US Defense Information and TechnologyĪ review of reported suspected targeting incidents against critical technologies categorized in Open-source information can be important indicators of strategic objectives that might ultimatelyīe met by resorting to collection methods that are not legal. Just as with traditional political-military espionage, however, trends in the collection of Much of what these foreign rivals (and allies) seek is in the publicĭomain. Secrets have contributed to a significant increase in both the incentives and opportunities forĬonducting such activity. The global spread of technology and the corresponding increase in the value of trade The information they seek is not simply technological dataīut also financial and commercial information that will give their countries a competitive edgeĭuring the past year, foreign governments, corporations, and individuals have continued t oĬollect economic, technological, and trade secret information through a variety of legal and illegal means. Technologies have dramatically increased in the post–Cold War era as foreign governments-īoth former adversaries and allies-have shifted their espionage resources away from militaryĪnd political targets to commerce. The risks to sensitive business information and advanced In a world that increasingly measures national power and security in economic as well as military terms, the United States continues to be threatened by the theft of proprietary economic Overview of the Threat to US National Security I n f o rmation typically is protected under both state and federal laws. Commonly referred to as “trade secrets,” this States to compete in the world marketplace and could have a detrimental effect on the US economy, ultimately weakening national security. ![]() May be unclassified, the loss of this information could adversely affect the ability of the United Generally, such information concerns US business and economic resources, activities, research and development, policies, and critical technologies. Industry however, it is often not easy to determine what is foreign government-sponsored espionage, a necessary requirement under the Economic Espionage Act, Title 18 U.S.C., SectionĪnother term used in this report is proprietary technology and economic information, theĭefinition of which is information not within the public domain and that which the owner has Some countries have a long tradition of ties between government and To obtain commercially useful information, such as information available on the Internet.Īlthough some legal actions may be a precursor to clandestine collection, they do not constitute This definition does not extend to activity of privateĮntities conducted without foreign government involvement, nor does it pertain to lawful efforts Industrial espionage is defined as activity conducted by a foreign government or by a foreignĬompany with direct assistance of a foreign government against a private US company for the Service identify and fill information gaps, which in some cases may be a precursor to economic This, however, can help a foreign intelligence Legal may harm US industry but is not espionage. Aggressive intelligence collection that is entirely open and Policy information proprietary economic information or critical technologies.” This definitionĮxcludes the collection of open and legally available information that constitutes the overwhelming majority of economic collection. “the unlawful or clandestine targeting or acquisition of sensitive financial, trade, or economic This report NACIC will heed to the US Attorney General’s definition of economic espionage as There are no agreed upon definitions of economic or industrial espionage. ![]() These activities conducted outside US territory are more In addition to activities in the United States, foreign collectors also operateĪgainst US economic interests in their respective countries and in thirdĬountries.Information systems, sensors, lasers, electronics, and aeronautic systems Sought-after critical technology categories in 1999 in rank order were Foreign counties continue to target items in all 18 categories of theĭepartment of Defense Militarily Critical Technologies List.Marketplaces and the corresponding spread of technology with dualĪpplications have contributed to a significant increase in both incentivesĪnd opportunities for economic espionage. The increasing value of trade secrets in the global and domestic.Individuals to acquire US proprietary economic information: Showed no reduction in attempts by foreign government, corporations, and Information obtained during the past year This annual examination by US government agencies of the threat of foreignĮconomic collection and industrial espionage is conducted in compliance Learning from the Annual Report to Congress on Foreign Economic Collection and Industrial Espionage
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